国开在线答案
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分） Door-knockingisthemosteffectivewayofmakingface-to-facecommunitycontact,butithasbecomealostart.Withtherecentfocusoncustomerprivacy,door-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople'slives.Butthosewhotryitforthefirsttimeareusuallysurprisedbythepleasantreceptiontheyreceive.Herearesomesuggestionsthatwillhelpyoupromoteyourservicesface-toface. BEFOREYOUGOOUT ◆Beginwithadoorhanger Tryleavingadoorhangertwodaysbeforeyougodoor-knocking.Itshouldbrieflydescribetheprojectandsaythatsomeonewillbearoundinperson. ◆Wearanofficialnametag Door-knockersshouldwearnametagswiththelogooftheirorganization.Thebestnametagswillalsoincludeacolorphotoandthenameofthecaller. ◆Havepeopleknocktheirownblocks Theeasiestwaytododoor-knockingistotryyourlocalareafirst.Beinganeighborcreatesanimmediateconnectionwiththepersonansweringthedoor;afterthat,everythingelseiseasy. ◆Findagoodexcusetodoor-knock Ashortsurveyaboutlocalconcernsoracurrentprojectisagoodexcuse.Figureoutresponsesforvarioussituations.WhatifthepersonwhoanswersthedoorcannotspeakEnglish?Whatifachildanswersthedoor? WHENYOUGOOUT ◆Whentogoandwhattodofirst ThebesttimestoknockareusuallySaturdays.Onotherdays,afterdinnerisideal.Whensomeoneanswersthedoor,smileandintroduceyourself;sayyouareavolunteerand,ifithelps,statewhereyoulive.Givethenameofyourorganizationand,briefly,thereasonforthevisit. ◆Statewhatactiontheotherpersonshouldtakeandthebenefits Tellthepersonwhattheyneedtodoandhowtheiractionswillbenefitthemselvesandothers.Ifapersonhesitates,emphasizebenefitsyou'vealreadymentionedandthen,ifnecessary,addfurtherbenefits.Ifapersonagrees,followupimmediately.Ifpossible,getadonation,asignature,orapromise. ◆Recordcontactinformationonthespot Recordnames,addresses,e-mailaddresses,phonenumbers,andresponsestoquestionsonthespot.Youwon'trememberthemlater! 操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。Whydoestheauthorsaythatdoor-knockinghasbecomealostart? A.Itisnoteffective,noonewilltakethismethodanymore. B.Peoplefocusonprivacyincreasingly,sodoor-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople'slives C.Itisverydifficulttododoor-knocking，nooneknowshowtodoitnow.2.Whichstepshouldbefirstlytakenwhenyoutrydoor-knocking? A.Findagoodexcusetodoor-knock B.Wearanofficialnametag C.Leaveadoorhanger3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onthespot”mean? A.withoutdelay B.atsomeplace C.inadifficultsituation4.Whichtimeisnotappropriatefordoorknocking? A.Saturdayafternoon. B.Mondaymorning. C.Thursdayevening.5.Whowillreceivepleasantreceptionwhentheytrydoor-knocking? A.Astrangerwhoisnotlivinginthiscommunityandgivesnonoticeforhis/hervisit. B.Anoffensiveacquaintancewhocomesatanytime. C.Aneighborwhodoesgoodpreparationandhassignificantprojecttointroduce.
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、翻译为下面的句子选择正确的翻译（每题10分）。操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。 Qualitycontrolisaseriesofactivitiesthatensureandimprovethequalityofproductsandservice. A.质量控制是一系列确保提高产品质量的服务行为。 B.质量控制是确保和提高产品和服务质量的一系列行为。 C.质量控制是一系列确保和提高产品质量及服务的行为。2.Thegoalofstatisticalqualitycontrolwastogatherdatathatwouldallowfortheconstantimprovementofmanufacturingprocesses. A.统计质量控制的目标在于收集数据以便不断地改进制造工艺。 B.统计的目标在于质量控制，收集数据以便不断地改进制造工艺。 C.统计质量控制的目标在于收集数据，不断地允许改进制造工艺。3.Involvement,participation,andteamworkareseenasabsolute'musthaves'ifaqualityworkplaceistobecreated. A.员工介入、员工参与以及团队合作是绝对的“必须有的东西”，如果要创造高质量的工作环境。 B.如果要创造高质量的工作环境，员工介入、员工参与以及团队合作被视为绝对的“必要条件”。 C.如果高质量的工作环境要被创造出来，绝对的“必须条件”被视为员工介入、员工参与以及团队合作。4.Itwasthelate1970sthatAmericanmanufacturingfactoriesrealizedthatqualitycontrolwasasignificantissue. A.它是在1970年代晚期美国的制造业工厂才意识到质量控制是一个重大问题。 B.美国的制造业工厂在1970年代发现质量控制是一个重大问题已经很晚了。 C.1970年代晚期美国的制造业工厂才意识到质量控制是一个重大问题。5.Doorwaysoffernogreaterprotectionthananyotherarea. A.出入口的保护作用比其他区域的更强大。 B.出入口的保护作用不比其他区域强大。 C.出入口的保护作用不能与其他强大区域相比。
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分） Emergenciesanddisasterscanoccuranytimewithoutwarning.Themoreyouarepreparedforthem,thebetteryouwillbeabletoact,reducingpanicandconfusionwhenanemergencyoccurs. Emergencyresponseplans(ERPs)areintendedtoprovideclearandeffectivestepsformanaginganemergency.AnERPshoulddealwithavarietyofissuesincludingevacuationofbuildings,communicationwithlocalemergencyservicesandthegeneralpublic,individualrolesandresponsibilitiesduringanemergency,andsuppliesandmaterialsthatmaybeneeded. FollowthesebasicguidelinestodevelopaneffectiveERPforyourworkplace: •Determinewhenanevacuationwouldbenecessary. •Chooseprimaryandsecondaryevacuationroutesandemergencyexits.Makesuretheyareclearlymarkedandwelllit.Postsigns. •Installemergencylightingincaseapowercutoccursduringanevacuation. •Ensurethatevacuationroutesandemergencyexitsarewideenoughforpeopletobeevacuated,clearatalltimes,andunlikelytoexposeevacuatingpeopletoadditionalhazards. •Coordinateyourplanwiththelocalemergencymanagementoffice. •Choose“evacuationwardens”whowillhelpothersduringanevacuationandaccountforemployees. •Establishspecificevacuationprocedures.ThisincludesasampleERPtogiveyouabetterideaofwhatyourproceduresshouldinclude. •Establishasystemforaccountingforevacuatedemployees. •Holdemergencydrillsatleastonceayeartoensurethatemployeesknowwhattodoinanemergencyandtotesttheeffectivenessofemergencyexitroutesandprocedures.Keeprecordsofsuchdrills. •Considerthetransportationneedsofemployees. •Postevacuationprocedureswhereemployeescanreadthem. •Establishproceduresforhelpingpeoplewithdisabilitiesandpeoplewhodonotspeakyourlocallanguage. •Considerhowyoucouldquicklygetimportantpersonalinformationaboutemployeesinanemergency(forexample,contactnumbersfortheirhome,next-of-kin,orspecialmedicalconditions. 操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。Theemergencyresponseplanisneededforreducingpanicandconfusionwhenanemergencyoccurs. 2.SupplyofbasicnecessitiesisnotincludedinanERP. 3.Accordingtothepassage,theblockedemergencyexitscanhelpavoidfurtherhazards. 4.Theevacuationplanofyourworkplaceshouldbeinlinewiththatoflocalemergencymanagementoffice. 5.Toensurethatemployeesknowwhattodoinanemergencyandtotesttheeffectivenessofemergencyexitroutes,theemergencydrillsshouldbeheldoncehalfayear.
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分） Aquestionthatoftentroublesfoodcompaniesishowtocontrolproblemslikeratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.Pestcontrolexpertssaypoisonsshouldneverbeusedwheretheymayenterfood.Theysaythefirstlineofdefenseagainstpestsistocleantheplaceswherethefoodishandledorstored. Floors,foodpreparationsurfacesandtoolscanbedisinfectedwithchemicalslikechlorine,iodineorbromine.Foodcontainersshouldbestoredabouthalfameteroffthegroundandabouthalfameterawayfromanywalls.Storageareasshouldbekeptdryandclean. Containersforrawmaterialssuchasrice,wheat,etc.shouldbekeptclosedandclean.Anyfoodstuffsplitduringdeliveryorhandlingshouldbeclearedupbothinsideandoutsidethebuilding.Pestsenterabuildingfromtheoutside,sopayattentiontoouterwalls.Smallstonescanbeusedtocoverthegroundandblockthegrowthofplantsandthegrassshouldbekeptshorttodenypestsaplacetolive. Checkthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed.Alsoanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuildingshouldbefilled.Ratscanenterthroughaholethesizeofacoin.Amousecanpassthroughaholehalfthatsize. Supervisorsshouldmakealistofpestcontrolmeasurestobetakenbyemployees.Thiswillaidtheeffortsandalsohelpprepareforanyinspections.Inmostcountries,thereisafoodanddrugadministrationbureau,orsomeagencywithasimilarname,whichenforcesrulesnationwide,responsibleforrulesabouttheuseofpesticides,etc.However,businesseswherefoodisstored,preparedorsoldmustalsofollowstateandlocalhealthlaws.Mostofthesegovernmentaldepartmentsorbureaushavetheirwebsiteswithinformationaboutfoodsafetypoliciesandotherissues.Peoplecaneasilyaccesstheinformation. 操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。Accordingtopestcontrolexperts,whyshouldpoisonsneverbeusedinfoodcompanies? A.Becausetheymayenterfood. B.Becausetheymaykillrats. C.Becausetheymaybeharmfultotheplants.2.Whatisthefirstlineofdefenseagainstpests? A.Tocheckthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed. B.Tocleantheplaceswherefoodishandledorstored. C.Tofillanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuilding.3.Howcanfloors,foodpreparationsurfacesandtoolsbedisinfected? A.Withsmoke. B.Withwater. C.Withchemicals.4.Whyshouldattentionbepaidtoouterwalls? A.Topreventpestsfromenteringabuildingfromoutside. B.Tokeepmoistfromenteringabuildingfromoutside. C.Tostopsunraysfromenteringabuildingfromoutside.5.Whatdosethepassagemainlytalkabout? A.Whypoisonsshouldneverbeusedwheretheymayenterfood. B.Whythegrowthofplantsshouldbeblockedandgrassbekeptshort. C.Howtocontrolratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分） Tosavemoney,yousimplyneedtospendlessthanyouearn.Itiseasytosay,butwhyisitsodifficulttodo?Toanswerthisquestion,youneedtostudythefactorsthatkeepyouspendingallthetime. Easyaccesstocredit Formostpeople,thisisthebiggestreasonforoverspending.Peoplecaneasilygetacreditcard,simplybyfillingoutashortforminabankorjumpingontheirwebsite.Theycanborrowmoneyfrombankstogoshopping,evenbuycarsorhouses.Whenyouaren'tphysicallyhandingsomeonemoneyoracheckforapurchase,youwillfeelyouarespendingfreemoneyoryouaren'tspendingmoneyatall.Tryusingcashtogetyourspendingundercontrol. Misusingcreditcards Acreditcardisaninterestfreeshort-termloan.Whenusedasplanned,thiscanbeapowerfulfinancialtool.Theproblemiswhenyoubegintoletthebalancecontinuefrommonthtomonth.Ifyoumakea$200purchaseonyourcreditcardandfindoutthatattheendofthemonthyoucan'taffordtorepaythefullamount,thisiswhenthehighinterestratesonthecardsreallybegintohurtyou.Thatisnowayofsavingmoney. Givingintotemptation Weallneedtoenjoylife,butdon'twasteyourfinancialfutureforafewguiltypleasurestodayiftheyaren'tinyourbudget.Whenyouknowthatyoucan'taffordanactivity,don'tgivein.Instead,inviteyourfriendsoverforahomedinnerparty,gamenight,orsomeotheractivitieswhereyoucanstillenjoytimetogether,butwithoutbreakingyourbudget. Spendingtofeelgood Everyoneenjoysgettingsomethingnew—buyingyourselfsomethingfeelsgood.Thereisabsolutelynothingwrongwiththis,aslongasyoudon'tgooverboard.You'llfeelgoodaboutyourpurchasewhetheryoumakeitwithcashorbycreditcard,butyou'llfeelevenbetterwhenyoudon'thavetospendthenexttwoyearstryingtopayitoffwith20%interest. 操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。Youhavetopayforthecreditcardloansbytheendofeachmonth. 2.Usingacreditcardtopayisspendingfreemoney. 3.It'seasytogetacreditcardbuthardtomakeendsmeet. 4.Ifyousufferfromadeficitthismonth,yousimplyhavetopayitoffbytheoriginalamountinthefuture. 5.“Spendingtofeelgood”meanskeepingyourspendingwithinthebudget.
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分） I'mMichaelBush,ManagingDirectorofHoogleEngineering.IampleasedtowelcomeyouheretoourwebsiteandI'dliketotellyoualittleaboutthecompanyanditsorganization.HoogleEngineeringwassetupin1960.Itwasdividedintoseveraldepartmentsatthattime,suchasthesalesdepartment,marketingdepartment,andproductiondepartment.Lotsofmanagerswereemployedtomanageitall. Fortunatelythingsaredifferentnow.SixtypeopleareemployedbyHoogleandcommunicationbetweendepartmentsisconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantaspectsofthebusiness.Themarketisglobalsoweneedtomakecontactwithcustomersworldwide,notjustlocally. Butintheolddayswewereallindifferentdepartmentsandneverspoketoeachother.Wehadatallstructure.Traditionallywehadpeopleatthefirstlevelontheshopfloor,manufacturingproductsaccordingtotheinstructionswhichtheyweregiven.Thenyouhadasupervisorylevelofpeoplewhosupervisedthemeveryday.Thenyoumoveduptothemiddlemanagement,whoweredoingthetasksofgettingnewbusiness,andthenyouhadtheseniormanagementteam,andthenyouhadtheboard,whodecidedthebusinessstrategy.Sotherewerealotoflevelsinthecompanyintheolddaysactually. Thestructuretodayisthatweformteamswithinteamstoplacepeoplewhocanmanufactureaproduct.Eachteamhasmembersthatcanmanufacturedifferentproducts.Theactualteamsnowareself-managing,sowedon'tevenhaveteamleaders.You'vegottheteams,andthenyou'vegottwopeople,onlytwopeople,whoarewhatyouthinkofasmanagement.Thisisgenerallycalledflatstructure. 操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。HoogleEngineeringwassetupin__________. A.thenineteenthcentury B.thetwentiethcentury C.thetwentyfirstcentury2.Therearemanydifferent__________ofmanagementinatallstructure. A.kinds B.levels C.functions3.Peopleinaflatstructureusuallyworkin__________. A.departments B.families C.teams4.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaccordingtothepassageEXCEPTthat__________. A.communicationinthecompanyisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant B.theauthorthinksthetwostructureshavethesamefunctions C.therearemoreindividualresponsibilitiesintheflatstructure5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis__________. A.OrganizationStructureinHoogleEngineering B.HistoryofHoogleEngineering C.SuccessinHoogleengineering
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2024-03-05
[单选] 二、听力理解听对话录音，根据对话内容判断正误（每题10分）。操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。 MichaelisstilldrinkingKoukouOldYogurtthesedays. 2.IndustrialgelatinhasreportedlybeenaddedintoKoukouOldYogurt. 3.Thereareheavymetalsintheyogurtunderdiscussion. 4.Foodsafetyissuesseemtobesomewhatoutstandingnowadays. 5.Atpresentpeopleeatverylittleprocessedfood.
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2024-03-05
[单选] 一、案例分析：利民公司的组织结构变革（20分）利民公司于1991年开创时只是一家小面包房，开设一间商店。到2000年因经营得法，又开设了另外八间商店，拥有十辆卡车，可将产品送往全市和近郊各工厂，公司职工达120人。公司老板唐济简直是随心所欲地经营着他的企业，他的妻子和三个子女都被任命为高级职员。他的长子唐文曾经劝他编制组织结构图，明确公司各部门的权责，使管理更有条理。唐却认为，由于没有组织图，他才可能机动地分配各部门的任务，这正是他取得成功的关键。正式的组织结构图会限制他的经营方式，使他不能适应环境和职员能力方面的变化。后来在2002年，唐文还是按现实情况绘出一张组织结构图，见图１。由于感到很不合理，没敢对父亲讲。图1：2002年的组织结构图2003年唐济突然去世，家人协商由刚从大学毕业的唐文继任总经理，掌握公司大权。唐文首先想到的是改革公司的组织结构，经过反复思考，设计出另一张组织结构图，见图2。他自认为这一改革有许多好处，对公司发展有利。但又感到也会遇到一些问题，例如将家庭成员从重要职位上调开，可能使他们不满（尽管他了解公司职工对其父原来的安排都有些怨言）。于是他准备逐步实施这项改革，争取用一年左右的时间去完成它。图2：2003年设计的组织结构图问题：（1）唐文为什么要把组织结构改成图2的样子，原先的结构有什么问题？（2）唐文改革组织结构可能遇到什么问题？他应当如何分步骤地予以实施？file-storage/1587730
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2024-03-05
[单选] 一个国家或地区有较强的管理能力、研究能力、创造能力和专门技术能力的人口总称为()。
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2024-03-05
[单选] 体育、文艺和特种工艺等单位须招用未成年人工作，一般在依法履行完审批程序后这些单位就可以招用未成年工了，那么中国政府规定的未成年的年龄是多大?（）
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